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SUBJECTS / PPE

PPE at
Oxford.

Philosophy, politics and economics. Three disciplines that ask you to examine an argument from more than one side.

Explore the comparison
Illustrative portrait of a student beside an Oxford college
PHILOSOPHY, POLITICS & ECONOMICS
UNIVERSITY OF OXFORDUNDERGRADUATE · THREE-YEAR BA2027 ENTRY REFERENCE

YOUR QUALIFICATION ROUTE

What applies
to you?

Choose the qualification you will present. Grades, subject requirements and College conditions belong together.

Your qualification

School location does not determine your qualification. National and mixed qualifications need their own course-specific check.

2027 ENTRY · CHECKED 23 OCTOBER 2026

Oxford PPE

Published IB requirement
39/ 45

766 at Higher Level

The total includes core points. No compulsory school subject; Mathematics is recommended and History is useful.

TARA: Critical Thinking, Problem Solving and Writing Task.

Oxford’s official guidance

Cambridge HSPS

Minimum IB offer level
41–42/ 45

776 at Higher Level

No universally required school subject. Essay-based preparation is valuable; individual Colleges may set subject conditions.

Two pieces of written work. Some Colleges also set an assessment.

Cambridge’s official guidance

Two pieces of written work; check your College

Hughes Hall, King’s and Newnham appear on the current assessment list. Other College instructions can differ, including essay-subject conditions and written-work format.

College & University guidance ↗

BEGIN WITH THE EDUCATION

One question.
Three ways to think.

Who should pay for a public service? Philosophy tests the justification, politics examines the decision, and economics asks what incentives it creates.

Philosophy

What makes an argument convincing? Examine questions about knowledge, reasoning and how we ought to live.

Politics

How is power organised and justified? Study institutions, political ideas and explanations of political life.

Economics

How do people respond to incentives? Use models and quantitative methods to explain economic choices.

Choose the course before the university.

You cannot ordinarily apply to both Oxford and Cambridge in the same admissions year.

UCAS guidance ↗

THE COURSES, SIDE BY SIDE

PPE or HSPS?
Look at the subjects.

Both offer close academic discussion and demanding independent work. The combination of subjects is the decisive difference.

UNIVERSITY OF OXFORD

Oxford
PPE.

Philosophical arguments, political institutions and economic explanation. Study all three before deciding where to specialise.

Philosophy, Politics and Economics · BA · 3 years

Year 1
Begin with all three. Introduction to Philosophy, Introduction to Politics and Introductory Economics.
Years 2–3
Follow two branches or all three. Choose more advanced papers within the course rules. Later economics options depend on your earlier choices.
Teaching
Develop an argument in conversation. Lectures and classes sit alongside college tutorials, independent reading, essays and quantitative work.
THE EMPHASIS

Ideas, institutions and economic choices.

2027 ENTRY · ANNUAL TUITIONFee details ↗
Home£10,050First undergraduate degree, 2027/28
Overseas£46,210Annual course tuition

Living costs are additional. Fees may increase in later years.

Explore Oxford PPE ↗
UNIVERSITY OF CAMBRIDGE

Cambridge
HSPS.

Politics and international relations, sociology and social anthropology. Explore how people organise, govern and understand social life.

Human, Social, and Political Sciences · BA · 3 years

Year 1
Explore the disciplines. Four papers, with at least three from the core HSPS choices. The fourth can be a further core paper or a permitted outside option.
Years 2–3
Choose a single or joint track. Specialise in Politics and International Relations, Sociology, Social Anthropology, or an available joint combination.
Teaching
Read closely. Compare explanations. Lectures and college supervisions develop your essays, interpretation of evidence and ability to question competing accounts.
THE EMPHASIS

Politics, societies and lived experience.

2027 ENTRY · ANNUAL TUITIONFee details ↗
Home£10,050First undergraduate degree, 2027/28
Overseas£30,798University tuition; College fee extra

International students normally also pay an annual College fee. Living costs are additional. Home fee guidance ↗

Explore Cambridge HSPS ↗

WHICH WOULD SUIT YOU?

Oxford might suit you if…

you enjoy examining what ought to happen, how power works and what economic reasoning can explain. You want philosophy and economics alongside politics.

Cambridge might suit you if…

you want to understand political and social life, and are curious about sociology and anthropology as well as politics and international relations.

How much does Mathematics matter for PPE?

Mathematics is recommended, not compulsory. Oxford’s 2025–26 report records A-level Mathematics among 172 of 180 A-level applicants offered places, approximately 96%. That describes the admitted group; it does not establish a formal requirement or a student’s chances.

Oxford’s further statistics, pages 2–4 ↗
What should an international family budget beyond tuition?

Oxford

Published 2027–28 living costs are £1,475–£2,175 a month: £13,275–£19,575 for nine months. With overseas tuition, the illustrative annual total is £59,485–£65,785.

Oxford living costs ↗

Cambridge

Estimated living costs are £11,970 for nine months in 2027–28. Using Christ’s £13,000 College fee as one example, tuition, College fee and that living budget total £55,768. Other Colleges set their own fees.

Christ’s fee and living-cost example ↗

These are one-year illustrations, excluding travel, immigration charges and personal variations. Allow more if staying through vacations. Later-year costs are not confirmed degree totals.

Checked 23 October 2026 for 2027 entry. Course options and College conditions can change; use the official guidance for your application year.

THE ADMISSIONS TESTS

Thinking clearly.
Under pressure.

All three TARA modules are required for PPE: Critical Thinking, Problem Solving and the Writing Task. There is no separately submitted school written work.

22questions in each multiple-choice module
40 minfor each of the three modules
1–9score for each multiple-choice module

No TARA pass/fail mark. UAT-UK sets no pass mark. A preparation target is not an Oxford admissions cutoff, and the new TARA cycle has no completed admissions outcomes to use as a benchmark.

The Writing Task has no numerical score. Choose one of three questions, within a 750-word limit. Your response is sent to universities.

Older TSA scores are historical. They describe a different test and cannot be relabelled as TARA results. Calculators are not permitted.

2027 entry reference: the ordinary UCAS deadline was 15 October 2026 and the ordinary Oxbridge test window was 12–16 October 2026. These dates have passed. January is not an ordinary second-chance sitting for these Oxford or standard October-round Cambridge applicants.

Illustrative scene of a student working through a problem at a whiteboard
MAKE YOUR REASONING CLEAR

ADMISSIONS IN CONTEXT

The numbers
worth understanding.

Look at the course, cycle and applicant group behind a figure. An offer rate describes a group; it does not predict your application.

INTERNATIONAL CONTEXT

Read the group carefully.

OXFORD · PPE10.8%Calculated offer-to-application ratio

Non-EU international · 2025–26 report

702 applicants · 193 shortlisted · 76 offers. EU applicants are reported separately. This is not an all-international or overseas fee-status rate.

Dated departmental report ↗
CAMBRIDGE · HSPSAll domiciles
combined.

The verified course figures below combine applicant groups. They do not establish an international-only offer rate.

Use the All applicants view for the course totals; check overseas fees, qualifications and College requirements separately.

Official admissions statistics ↗

Nationality, domicile, school location and fee status are different measures. The Oxford and Cambridge figures do not isolate matching populations.

English-language requirements and fee status

Where evidence is required, Oxford lists IELTS Academic 7.5 overall with at least 7.0 in each component. Cambridge normally asks for 7.5 overall, usually with 7.0 in each element. Accepted alternatives, waivers and the offer’s actual conditions need separate checks.

Home or overseas fee status depends on the relevant nationality, immigration and residence circumstances. A school’s location or curriculum does not decide it.

Planning a new application?

These are 2027-entry reference requirements. The ordinary application deadline has passed. Check the next cycle before building your plan; deferred-entry rules do not automatically establish a new cycle’s requirements.

PREPARATION

Something to say.
Reasons behind it.

Read with a question in mind. Work through a problem. Be ready to explain what changed your understanding.

Examine the argument.

Identify a claim, its assumptions and the strongest objection. Explain why you accept or reject the conclusion.

Keep the Mathematics in view.

Build the quantitative foundations for economics and logic. PPE asks for more than an interest in current affairs.

Prepare to change your mind.

Use official TARA materials and practise discussing unfamiliar ideas. A thoughtful revision can reveal more than a polished speech.

Read our academic interview guide ↗

AN INDIVIDUAL PATH

Begin with the course.
Then make it your own.

We can help you examine academic fit, understand your qualification route and prepare to think independently.

Discuss your application ↗